The pump guides articles provide guidance and reviews on different types of pumps. A pump is a device used to transfer or the fluid a...
The mechanical energy supplied to the pump can be a manual operation, electricity, DC battery power, solar power, wind power, etc. The pump is one of the oldest forms of device used by the human. They can be dated back to the Egyptian civilization.
Nowadays, the pumps are used in a wide variety of applications such as drawing water from the deep wells, aquarium filtering, fountain formation, watering crops, pond aeration, washing and cleaning systems, water circulation system, fuel injection, cooling tower systems, boiler feed supply system, and fuel injection systems.
The pumps have also replaced our human organs in the medical industries. The artificial human heart is made to pump the blood through our veins with the help of the pumps. The pumps have become one of the vital devices of the modern-day world.
Pump – Classification
The pumps are used for such a long time by our humans and classified into a wide range depending on their operation, flow, power source, etc. It is almost impossible to cover all the types of pumps and their classifications. In this article let us have a look at the classification of based on their fluid operation. The pumps are classified into two types based on the way they move the fluid as
- Positive displacement pumps and
- Dynamic pumps.
Positive displacement pumps
Positive displacement pumps operate by moving a fixed amount of the fluid from the suction head to the discharge end of the pump. They provide a constant flow rate and volume of the fluid at the discharge.
They are used in applications with high-pressure and low flow combinations. They have a high-efficiency rate. The output is provided in every stroke of the piston in the pump. They are further classified as the reciprocating pumps and rotary pumps.
Reciprocating pumps
Reciprocating pumps move the fluid by using a piston, plunger or diaphragm membranes. The valves are used to restrict the motion of the fluid in one direction. They can single acting or double acting based on the direction of the flow. They are further classified as
- Piston pumps
- Plunger pumps and
- Diaphragm pumps
Rotary pumps
Rotary pumps operate by a rotating mechanism that creates a vacuum. The vacuum pressure is used to suck the fluid in the pump casing. And the fluid is transferred using the rotary action in the pump. They can be further classified as
- Gear pumps
- Screw pumps and
- Vane pumps
Dynamic pumps
Dynamic pumps use the fluid velocity and the momentum created by the pump to transfer the fluid. In these pumps, the kinetic energy is imparted to the fluid to increase the flow velocity. They are used in high speed and high flow applications. They are less efficient than positive displacement pumps. They provide smooth and continuous operation. The dynamic pumps are further classified as
- Centrifugal pumps and
- Special pumps
Centrifugal pumps
They are the most common type of pump used in the piping system. A rotating impeller is used to provide the pressure and flow of the fluid. The fluid enters the impeller blade at an axis and is accelerated to flow through the discharge end. They can be classified depending on their flow direction as
- Radial flow
- Axial flow and
- Mixed flow – a combination of both axial and radial flow direction.
Special pumps
These pumps induce velocity in the fluid by special means such as electromagnetic induction, gas pressure, an ejector mechanism, gas lift, etc. They do not use rotating impeller action to impart velocity in the fluid. Some of the pumps that come under this category are:
- Jet pumps or Ejector pumps
- Electromagnetic pump and
- Gas transfer/Lift pumps
They are classified depending on their power source such as the electric pumps, DC powered pumps, solar pumps, diesel pumps, etc.
The classification of the pumps keeps going on and on. It is tough to accommodate all the types of pumps in a single article or even a book. In this article, we have a pump guide to select the pump depending on their operation, selection parameters, application, price range, and manufacturers. We have tried to fit in a wide range of pumps used in various applications. You can click on the below link to view your required type of the pump guides and reviews:
Each of the above articles is sub-pump guides that provide information about applications, types, quality, and testing.
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